English is the study of the English language. The goal is to improve communication skills by practicing listening, speaking, reading, writing, and understanding language rules like pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar.
The emergence of a standard dialect produces the phenomenon known as ‘accent’ which is quite different from dialect. In the process of learning a foreign language, it is normal to transfer the patterns of an indigenous language to those of the foreign language. With time, however those of form and most of orthography and phonology gradually get eliminated. This is because these can easily be identified and corrected. They are easy to correct because they do not involve patterns of muscular movement. It is necessary to correct them because otherwise they could seriously impair intelligibility.
With phonetic patterns, on the other hand, there is a great deal of intelligibility tolerance because muscular patterns are involved thus making correction difficult when observed. Besides, phonetic patterns do not impair intelligibility much. Hence the transference of phonetic habits from one language to another is both easier to tolerate and more difficult to avoid than transference at the lexico-grammatical level. It follows that a speaker who is learning a second dialect does so with an accent since the muscles of his speech organs would have crystallized in response to the phonetics of his native language which he learnt first. The speaker therefore speaks the second dialect with the phonetic features of his native dialect. The learning of a standard language is simply the learning of a second dialect- that which has been standardized.
Members of a language community control at least two dialects and use both dialects in different situations. In the rural areas, the native dialect is used in most situations since there is less movement. Therefore, rural dwellers tend to be parochial and maintain the homogeneity of their dialect. In the urban community, on the other hand, there is more demand on the standard dialect than on the rural one. This is because people from different regions converge here. In order to ensure mutual intelligibility resulting from the pressure of communication, a great deal of demand is made on the standard dialect which now becomes the lingua frenca amongst them.
In the question below fill the gap with the appropriate option :
Adaobi is contemptuous _____ dishonest people
Options:Choose the option that has the same stress pattern as the given word.
Student
Options:Choose the word/expression which best completes each sentence :
The Land Decree does not concern itself with achieving _____ in landed property ownership, since those who already own large estates can keep them for good
Options:Choose the word that has an opposite meaning to the one in bracket for questions below.
The sick man is now [ambulatory]
Options:Choose the most appropriate option nearest in meaning to the underlined words.
The lawyer gave evasive answers to all the questions?
Options:In the question below choose the most appropriate option nearest in meaning to the word(s) or phrase(s) underlined:
The vice chancellor, who is a stickler of rules, refused the request by the students for the semester to be rescheduled
Options:In the question below choose the word(s) or phrase(s) which best fills(s) the gap(s):
Provided you _____ to the market very soon, we shall be able to eat enough
Options: