Starting a limited liability company (LLC) in Nigeria is one of the most professional ways to establish and operate a business. Unlike a simple business name, a limited liability company gives your business a separate legal identity, protects your personal assets from business debts, and projects a more credible image to clients, banks, and partners.
With the Corporate Affairs Commission (CAC) introducing an improved online registration portal, registering your company has become more accessible and faster.
This detailed guide explains how to register a limited liability company in Nigeria online, step by step, including costs, requirements, mistakes to avoid, and answers to frequently asked questions. Whether you’re just starting out or upgrading your existing business, this article covers everything you need to know.
Why Register a Limited Liability Company in Nigeria?
Before we dive into the process, let’s briefly look at the advantages of registering a limited liability company (LLC):
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Separate legal entity: The company can sue or be sued independently of its owners.
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Limited liability: Your personal assets are protected if the business incurs debts.
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Credibility: Clients, banks, and investors take companies more seriously.
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Access to funding: You can apply for grants, contracts, and loans.
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Perpetual existence: The company continues even if the founders leave or pass away.
If you want to build a scalable and formal business in Nigeria, registering as an LLC is one of the best choices.
What is a Limited Liability Company?
A limited liability company (LLC) in Nigeria is a private company incorporated under the Companies and Allied Matters Act (CAMA). It can be:
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Private company limited by shares (the most common, usually with 2–50 shareholders)
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Public company limited by shares
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Company limited by guarantee
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Unlimited company
For this guide, we’ll focus on private companies limited by shares, which is what most small and medium businesses choose.
Where and How to Register Your Company in Nigeria
The Corporate Affairs Commission (CAC) is responsible for business and company registration in Nigeria. You can register:
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Entirely online via the CAC’s portal: https://pre.cac.gov.ng
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Or through accredited CAC agents, lawyers, or accountants if you prefer assistance.
Step-by-Step Guide: How to Register a Limited Liability Company Online in Nigeria
Below is a detailed step-by-step process to register your company properly.
Step 1: Choose Your Company Name
Pick two or three unique names in case your first choice is already taken.
Tips for choosing a good name:
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It should not be identical or too similar to existing company names.
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Avoid names with offensive, misleading, or restricted terms.
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You can include words that reflect your business activities.
Step 2: Check Name Availability and Reserve Your Name
Once you have your names ready, you must conduct a name availability search and reserve your preferred name.
How to do it:
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Visit https://pre.cac.gov.ng
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Create or log in to your account.
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Navigate to “Name Reservation.”
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Enter your chosen names and submit.
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Pay the reservation fee (about ₦500–₦1,000).
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If approved, you’ll receive a Name Reservation Approval Notice (valid for 60 days).
Step 3: Complete the Online Registration Forms
After your name is approved, log back into the CAC portal to complete the required forms for incorporation.
You’ll provide the following details:
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Approved company name.
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Type of company (private limited by shares).
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Nature of business (principal activities).
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Company address.
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Details of directors and shareholders (at least two people).
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Share capital structure (minimum ₦100,000 for private companies).
Step 4: Prepare and Upload Required Documents
You must scan and upload the following documents:
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Valid means of identification for all directors and shareholders (National ID, passport, driver’s license, or voter’s card).
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Passport‑size photos of directors/shareholders.
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Signed Memorandum and Articles of Association (you can use CAC’s standard template).
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Particulars of Directors, Secretary, and Shareholders.
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Statement of share capital.
If you’re unsure about the Memorandum and Articles of Association, the CAC portal provides standard templates you can adopt.
Step 5: Pay the Registration Fees
Once you fill in all details, you’ll see the amount due for registration, which depends on your share capital.
Approximate costs:
| Share Capital Range | Registration Fee (₦) |
|---|---|
| Up to ₦1 million | About ₦10,000–₦20,000 |
| ₦1m–₦500m | Higher fees (progressive) |
Payment can be made online via debit card or through designated banks.
Step 6: Submit Application
After uploading documents and paying the fees, submit your application. The CAC will review your submission.
If everything is in order, they will approve the registration and issue a Certificate of Incorporation along with other incorporation documents.
Step 7: Download Your Certificate of Incorporation
Once approved, log in to your CAC dashboard to download and print your Certificate of Incorporation and accompanying forms.
Summary Table: Company Registration Process at a Glance
| Step | Action Required |
|---|---|
| Step 1 | Choose 2–3 unique company names |
| Step 2 | Search and reserve name on CAC portal |
| Step 3 | Fill the online registration form |
| Step 4 | Upload all required documents |
| Step 5 | Pay registration fees |
| Step 6 | Submit application |
| Step 7 | Download your Certificate of Incorporation |
Common Mistakes to Avoid
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Choosing names too similar to existing companies.
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Submitting incorrect or incomplete documents.
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Not meeting the minimum number of directors/shareholders (minimum of 2).
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Providing fake or unclear IDs.
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Not paying the correct fees.
Always double-check all entries and documents before submitting.
How Long Does it Take to Register a Company in Nigeria?
On average, it takes about 7–14 working days if all your documents are correct and complete. The timeline can vary depending on CAC’s workload and whether you use an agent.
Why Register as a Company Instead of a Business Name?
| Feature | Business Name | Limited Liability Company |
|---|---|---|
| Legal status | Not a separate entity | Separate legal entity |
| Liability | Unlimited personal risk | Limited to shares owned |
| Perpetual existence | Ends if owner dies | Continues regardless of owners |
| Credibility | Lower | Higher |
| Ownership | Sole/partnership | At least two shareholders |
If you aim to scale your business, protect your personal assets, and attract investors, registering as a limited liability company is recommended.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. Can I register a company alone?
No. Nigerian law requires at least two directors/shareholders.
2. What is the minimum share capital for a private company?
₦100,000 for small private companies.
3. Can foreigners register a company in Nigeria?
Yes, but they usually need a minimum share capital of ₦10 million and must comply with immigration laws.
4. How much does it cost to register a company?
About ₦20,000–₦30,000 for small companies with minimum share capital.
5. Do I need a lawyer?
Not necessarily. You can use the CAC templates if you understand the process, but a lawyer can help draft custom documents.
6. Do I need a business address?
Yes, a valid business address is required.
7. How long does it take to get a certificate?
Typically 7–14 working days.
8. Can I change my company name later?
Yes, but you need to apply formally and pay a fee.
9. Is tax registration automatic after CAC registration?
No. You must also register with the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS) to get a Tax Identification Number (TIN).
10. What happens if my application is rejected?
The CAC will notify you of the reasons, and you can correct the errors and resubmit.
Tips for a Smooth Company Registration Process in Nigeria
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Prepare all documents before starting.
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Use clear, professional names.
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Scan documents properly.
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Follow CAC’s instructions carefully.
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Monitor your email for updates.
Why Registering Company Online is Better in Nigeria
The CAC online portal allows you to:
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Complete the process from anywhere.
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Track your application.
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Download certificates immediately.
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Save time and money.
Conclusion: Start Your Company the Right Way
Registering a limited liability company in Nigeria is a smart decision if you want to grow a sustainable, credible, and legally protected business. With this step-by-step guide, you can navigate the process confidently and avoid common mistakes.
Take action today by visiting the CAC portal and starting your application. A properly registered company opens doors to endless opportunities.